*Commodity feeders
*Fungal feeders
*Predators
*Parasitoids
*Scavengers
Commodity feeders feed directly on commodities and can be conveniently divided into primary pests- those that attack intact commodities and secondary pests, which require the commodity to be damaged before they can attack it.
In reality, each pest requires a different level of damage before it can survive on a commodity.
For some species this level is minimal, but for others it may be substantial.
Commodities accumulate damage from harvesting, handling, pest attack and processing, which increases the risk of attack from secondary pests.
Secondary pests dominate in milled products such a flour, and processed and manufactured food products.
Pest Type: Commodity feeders
