Some storage insects, like Angoumois grain moth and lesser grain borer infest grains right from the standing mature crop and their infestation migrates to storage through transportation, crop drying, threshing and grain drying during post-harvest operations. This infestation is termed as horizontal infestation.
For example, horizontal infestations occur when insects like S. cerealella and S. oryzae directly infest the grains of mature standing crop in paddy fields by laying eggs on the grains; the infestation migrates from fields to storage during post-harvest operations.
Horizontal infestation
The Sweet History of Leaf Brands
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Leaf Brands has a long and colorful history in the candy industry, filled
with innovation, mergers, and sweet success. The story begins in the 1940s,
when ...
